Which molecule carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

Study for the DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription and Translation Test with flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question offers hints and explanations. Prepare thoroughly and excel in your exam!

Multiple Choice

Which molecule carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?

Explanation:
Messenger RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome. During transcription, a DNA sequence is copied into an RNA molecule that uses uracil instead of thymine. This mRNA then travels to the ribosome, where its codons—groups of three nucleotides—dictate which amino acids are added to the growing protein. Transfer RNA brings each amino acid and matches its anticodon to the mRNA codon, guiding the assembly of the protein. DNA stays as the original template in the nucleus (in cells with a nucleus), and ribosomal RNA makes up part of the ribosome itself and helps catalyze the process. So, the information flow from DNA to protein is mediated by mRNA, making it the carrier of the genetic code to the ribosome.

Messenger RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome. During transcription, a DNA sequence is copied into an RNA molecule that uses uracil instead of thymine. This mRNA then travels to the ribosome, where its codons—groups of three nucleotides—dictate which amino acids are added to the growing protein. Transfer RNA brings each amino acid and matches its anticodon to the mRNA codon, guiding the assembly of the protein. DNA stays as the original template in the nucleus (in cells with a nucleus), and ribosomal RNA makes up part of the ribosome itself and helps catalyze the process. So, the information flow from DNA to protein is mediated by mRNA, making it the carrier of the genetic code to the ribosome.

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