Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?

Study for the DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription and Translation Test with flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question offers hints and explanations. Prepare thoroughly and excel in your exam!

Multiple Choice

Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?

Explanation:
During translation, the molecule that delivers amino acids to the ribosome is transfer RNA. Each tRNA is loaded with a specific amino acid by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, making tRNA an adaptor that translates the genetic code into protein. The anticodon on the tRNA pairs with the codon on the mRNA, ensuring the amino acids are added in the correct order to build the growing polypeptide. Ribosomal RNA is a structural and catalytic part of the ribosome rather than a carrier of amino acids. Messenger RNA carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, not the amino acids themselves. DNA stores genetic information; it serves as the template for transcription, not for ferrying amino acids to the ribosome.

During translation, the molecule that delivers amino acids to the ribosome is transfer RNA. Each tRNA is loaded with a specific amino acid by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, making tRNA an adaptor that translates the genetic code into protein. The anticodon on the tRNA pairs with the codon on the mRNA, ensuring the amino acids are added in the correct order to build the growing polypeptide. Ribosomal RNA is a structural and catalytic part of the ribosome rather than a carrier of amino acids. Messenger RNA carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, not the amino acids themselves. DNA stores genetic information; it serves as the template for transcription, not for ferrying amino acids to the ribosome.

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