What RNA component forms the core of ribosome and catalyzes peptide bond formation?

Study for the DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription and Translation Test with flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question offers hints and explanations. Prepare thoroughly and excel in your exam!

Multiple Choice

What RNA component forms the core of ribosome and catalyzes peptide bond formation?

Explanation:
Ribosomes rely on RNA to both form their central structure and drive the chemistry of translation. The RNA that sits at the heart of the ribosome and carries out the peptide bond-forming reaction is ribosomal RNA. It folds into the peptidyl transferase center and catalyzes the linking of amino acids into a growing polypeptide, making the ribosome a ribozyme. In contrast, transfer RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome and provides anticodons, messenger RNA supplies the codon sequence for translation, and DNA stores the genetic information that is transcribed into mRNA. Because the catalytic activity that makes peptide bonds resides in the ribosomal RNA, the RNA component forming the ribosome’s core is rRNA.

Ribosomes rely on RNA to both form their central structure and drive the chemistry of translation. The RNA that sits at the heart of the ribosome and carries out the peptide bond-forming reaction is ribosomal RNA. It folds into the peptidyl transferase center and catalyzes the linking of amino acids into a growing polypeptide, making the ribosome a ribozyme. In contrast, transfer RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome and provides anticodons, messenger RNA supplies the codon sequence for translation, and DNA stores the genetic information that is transcribed into mRNA. Because the catalytic activity that makes peptide bonds resides in the ribosomal RNA, the RNA component forming the ribosome’s core is rRNA.

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